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Grassroots official’s 30-year fight against desertification in North China_我的网站

A |           　　山东省住房和城乡建设厅等12部门近日联合印发《关于深化小城镇创新提升行动的意见》。

B | 作为“十五五”开局之年小城镇建设的纲领性文件，该意见在总结“十四五”100个试点镇创新提升经验的基础上，对深化行动作出系统部署。

C | 　　新一轮遴选启动　　“十四五”试点镇不再重复申报      　　“十四五”期间，山东省人民政府选取100个镇开展创新提升，取得了明显成效。为进一步深化小城镇创新提升行动，全面提升小城镇综合承载功能和辐射带动能力，《意见》提出，各设区市从辖区内建制镇中，通过自愿报名，按照不超过总数10%的比例，选择基础条件好、积极性高的镇开展创新提升。“十四五”期间已开展创新提升的镇，不再重复申报。    

    Wensuyalatu checks the growth of sour jujube seedlings. Photos: Chinanews.comAcross the vast desert landscape of the Urad Rear Banner in North China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, one grassroots official has spent more than three decades turning barren sands into patches of green.
Ecological restoration
For over 30 years, Wensuyalatu, a member of the leadership group of the Urad Rear Banner forestry and grassland bureau, has made the Gobi Desert his workplace, dedicating his life to combating desertification, advancing ecological restoration through technological innovation, and helping local herders increase their incomes, according to the local bureau's official WeChat account.
Located on the edge of the desert in Bayannur's Urad Rear Banner, it is a key area in China's Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program, a major ecological project aimed at strengthening the country's northern ecological security barrier. 
However, early afforestation efforts in the desert were far from easy at the start.
The project covers 103,800 mu (about 6,920 hectares), including comprehensive treatment of 24,500 mu of desertified land, ecological restoration of 4,100 mu of non-desertified land, and 75,200 mu of enclosed grassland restoration. The project also includes the construction of 11 small-scale water conservation facilities, all of which required strict standards and extensive coordination.
The project also includes the construction of 11 small-scale water conservation facilities, all of which required strict standards and extensive coordination.
In 1991, Wensuyalatu, then in his early 20s, chose to devote himself to forestry and grassland conservation in the Urad Rear Banner. Since then, he has remained on the front lines of desertification control, witnessing the region's harshest environmental challenges and working to find solutions adapted to the fragile desert ecosystem.
In the early years, afforestation in the Gobi Desert was an extremely difficult task. The most critical planting season in spring often coincided with the strongest sandstorms of the year. Every year during the key afforestation period, Wensuyalatu would stay deep in the desert, guiding workers on planting techniques and management practices, while carefully overseeing every detail of the ecological restoration projects.
"Every spring, the wind and blown sand were so strong that it was hard to keep your eyes open. The sand hit your face like needles. During the day, we followed workers to dig holes and plant trees, and at night we stayed in temporary shelters to organize data and review the day's work. That was the normal routine for desertification fighters," Wensuyalatu recalled.
The road to restoring the desert was far from easy. Years of drought, low survival rates of seedlings, and skepticism from some local residents created major obstacles.
"At the beginning, it was really difficult. The climate was extremely dry, and many seedlings died after being planted. Some herders did not understand or support the work. They believed deserts were naturally barren and that no amount of effort could make trees grow there," Wensuyalatu said.
To change these perceptions, Wensuyalatu brought local residents to see firsthand the damage caused by desert expansion. Through visible results and long-term communication, he gradually won the understanding and support of the community.
Facing the ecological challenges of the Urad Rear Banner, Wensuyalatu began exploring new approaches beyond traditional restoration methods.
    Staff members get ready to carry out aerial seeding operations.Aerial seeding
Since 2004, he has led efforts to tackle desert restoration challenges by introducing large-scale aerial seeding projects, creating a breakthrough approach for restoring degraded desert ecosystems in the region.
"Compared with traditional methods, aerial seeding is more efficient and can cover wider areas. Based on local climate and soil conditions, we select suitable desert plant seeds and precisely control the seeding height, density and timing to improve survival rates as much as possible and accelerate desert recovery," Wensuyalatu explained.
After years of effort, the aerial seeding projects under Wensuyalatu's leadership have restored more than 800,000 mu of desert land, with an effective restoration rate of 62.2 percent. 
He also developed an integrated management approach combining "protection, management, retreat, restoration and publicity," establishing a mixed vegetation system of trees, shrubs and grass to curb desert expansion and reduce sandstorms at their source.
Beyond restoring greenery, Wensuyalatu has also focused on strengthening scientific research and protecting native desert species.
Starting in 2010, he devoted himself to the artificial cultivation of endangered native desert plants. After more than a decade of repeated experiments, he successfully developed cultivation techniques for rare species such as the endangered evergreen broadleaf shrub Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, Mongolian almond and drought-resistant elm.
Under his leadership, his team cultivated 6.5 million seedlings and completed more than 4,000 mu of high-quality afforestation projects, with seedling survival rates consistently exceeding 80 percent. 
    Engineering personnel operate drones to conduct aerial seeding as part of afforestation efforts in the Badain Jaran Desert in North China on June 17, 2025. Photo: VCGHis achievements filled a technological gap in large-scale cultivation of native desert plants and earned him second prize in the 2017 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Harvest Award.
For Wensuyalatu, desert restoration is not only about creating ecological benefits, but also about improving people's livelihoods.
He has long promoted the idea that "trees should bring both ecological value and economic value." By leveraging local desert resources, he helped establish a 10,000-mu industrial base for desert plants and cistanche - a medicinal plant often grown in desert environments - across four key local villages, integrating ecological restoration with specialty desert industries.
"In the past, people thought desertification control was simply about planting trees - it took a lot of efforts but brought little income. Now things are different. By planting trees and developing industries such as cistanche cultivation, desert land can generate real wealth," a local herder said.
To ensure that local communities benefit from ecological development, Wensuyalatu introduced enterprises, supported family forest farms and professional cooperatives, and promoted large-scale, market-oriented operations.
The once barren desert has gradually become a "green treasure chest" for local herders, achieving a win-win outcome: greener landscapes, improved ecosystems, stronger businesses and higher incomes.
"Desertification control is not just an ecological project, but also a project that benefits people," Wensuyalatu said. 
"Only when communities gain real benefits from protecting nature will they actively participate in ecological conservation. That is the key to making restoration efforts sustainable and achieving the vision that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," Wensuyalatu said. 
Global Times
。　　四大提升方向锚定2030年目标      　　根据《意见》，到2030年，全省小城镇经济实力持续增强，人居环境明显改善，绿色发展成效显现，安全韧性水平提升，数字化治理效能实现突破，成为推动乡村全面振兴、深化城乡融合发展、推进以人为本的新型城镇化的重要载体。围绕这一目标，部署了四大方面的重点任务：　　培育提升产业发展动能      　　山东坚持把发展产业作为小城镇创新提升的核心引擎。《意见》明确，卫星镇要深度融入中心城市产业链布局，积极承接先进制造、现代物流、研发中试等产业;县域次中心镇要着力集聚强化主导产业，推动产业链向高附加值环节延伸;特色专业镇要立足资源禀赋和传统优势，集中培育文旅康养、现代农业、农产品加工、手工文创等特色产业，打造“一镇一品”产业标识，形成差异化发展格局。

D |      　　同时，实施“强链、延链、补链”专项行动，建设一批小微企业园、科创产业园和“共富工坊”等，增强创新创业、就业吸纳和增收致富的承载能力，形成以产兴镇、以镇促产、镇村联动的发展格局。鼓励地理位置相邻、产业类型相近的小城镇推进产业片区化发展，探索建立跨镇利益协调与成本共担、产业项目协同流转、收益共享等机制。统筹产业布局与服务功能配套，打造产业邻里中心、创新服务综合体等载体，推行“园区事、园区办”，持续优化营商环境。

E | 　　聚力提升镇区空间品质      　　围绕提升镇区空间品质，《意见》鼓励结合自然生态特色、地域人文特点等，建设符合小城镇居住需求的安全、舒适、绿色、智慧“好房子”，有条件的镇推进社区嵌入式服务设施建设，打造“一刻钟”便民生活圈。     　　在综合环境治理方面，加强市政道路建设和维护修缮，整治违规占道经营、乱设摊点、车辆乱放等问题，推进空中线缆序化整治，完善镇区无障碍设施建设，提升居民出行便捷度与安全性。加强街头绿景、公园绿地等公共活动空间建设，打造“百姓园林”，构建镇园相融、干净整洁、生态宜居的镇区环境。     　　在特色风貌塑造上，重点推进镇区出入口、主要街道、重要节点等的特色风貌建设，加强建筑形态引导，统筹建筑高度、体量、色彩、材质等要素，营造协调有序、独具特色的建筑界面。加强历史文化保护与传承，延续老镇区、老街巷的空间肌理，推动传统风貌与现代功能有机融合。

F | 鼓励有条件的镇实施镇区数字化建设，在供水、燃气、安防等重点领域探索物联网技术应用，增强设施运行监测与风险预警能力，提升镇区治理与服务智慧化水平。　　完善提升设施服务功能水平      　　在基础设施方面，有序实施供水、供电、供气、通信等老旧管网、线缆更新改造，提升运行安全水平。加强镇村路网、公共交通等互联互通，提升镇区生活污水设施建设运营、生活垃圾收运处置水平，推动管道燃气向镇村覆盖，积极推进新能源充电桩、换电站等设施建设。     　　在公共服务方面，深化紧密型县域医共体内涵建设，巩固完善管理体制和运行机制，持续推进人员、服务、技术、管理下沉，提升基层医疗服务能力。打造城乡教育共同体，通过集团化办学推动镇区优质教育资源向乡村延伸。推进乡镇区域性养老服务中心提档升级，完善日间照料中心、幸福院等设施。推进便民服务中心标准化、智能化升级，推行“就近办、上门办、帮代办”服务模式，提升群众办事便利度。支持产业大镇、强镇建设青年人才发展“微生态”。     　　在综合防灾减灾方面，优化镇区防灾空间布局，科学划定生态防护屏障、应急疏散通道和防灾留白空间。建设布局均衡的应急避难场所和消防配套设施，提升安全韧性和应急处置能力。　　创新提升要素配置保障能力      　　《意见》明确，指导开展创新提升行动的镇结合自身实际，制定小城镇创新提升实施方案。建立创新提升重点项目库，统筹存量与增量建设用地，保障项目用地需求。对符合条件的项目，在地方政府专项债券、超长期特别国债等资金申报时积极给予支持。开展镇银企对接活动，鼓励和引导金融机构创新金融产品和服务方式，加大信贷支持力度。建立小城镇创新提升专家团队，开展相关研究，提供智力支持。适时调整扩大经济规模大、人口增长快的特大镇经济社会管理权限。

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